Evaluation of Anti-inflammatory Activity and Determination of Total Flavonoids and Tannin Contents of Lagenaria Siceraria Root

The crude ethanolic extract of the root of Lagenaria siceraria (Molina) Standley (Family: Cucurbitaceae), was evaluated for its possible antiinflammatory activity and determination of total flavonoids and tannin contents growing in Bangladesh. The anti-inflammatory activity was studied using carrageenan and histamine-induced rat paw edema test at different doses (200 and 400 mg/kg body weight) of the ethanol extract. At the dose of 400 mg/kg body weight, the extract showed a significant antiinflammatory activity both in the carrageenan and histamine-induced oedema test models in rats showing 59.57% and 58.86% reduction in the paw volume comparable (P<0.01) to that produced by the standard drug indomethacin (63.12% and 66.45%) at 4h respectively. The percentage inhibition of the oedema paw volume by the 400 mg/kg body weight of the extract was also statistically significant (P<0.05; P<0.01) compared favorably with the indomethacin treated animals at 1, 2 and 3 h in both models. The total flavonoids and tannins content were calculated as quite high in ethanolic extract (244.29 mg/g of quercetin equivalent and 84.59 mg of tannic acid equivalent respectively). Acute toxicity test showed that the plant might be safe for pharmacological uses. Therefore, the obtained results tend to suggest the acute anti-inflammatory activity as well as total flavonoids and tannin contents from the ethanolic extract of the root of Lagenaria siceraria and thus provide the scientific basis for the traditional uses of this plant part as a remedy for pain and inflammations. INTRODUCTION: Lagenaria siceraria (Molina) Standley (Family: Cucurbitaceae), commonly known as Bottle guard, an excellent fruit in the nature having composition of all the essential constituents that are required for good health of humans . It is also good source of minerals and amino acids. The fruit of Lagenaria siceraria contains minerals, amino acids, triterepeniode (cucurbitacins B, D, G, H), two sterols (fucosterols, campesterol), ascorbic acid 2, . The different extracts of L. siceraria fruit have been reported to possess diuretic, hepatoprotective, cardioprotective, antihyperlipidemic and immunomodulatory effects 4, 5, .